Mercedes GP Petronas Formula One Team, the trading name of Mercedes-Benz Grand Prix Limited, is the Formula One racing team and constructor of Mercedes-Benz, which will race in the 2010 season. Mercedes-Benz debuted in Formula One in 1954, and competed with great success in the 1954 and 1955 seasons. However, after the 1955 season, Mercedes left the sport, and despite part-ownerships, and engine supplier deals in the 1990s and 2000s, it did not return as a factory team until November 2009. After a fifteen-year relationship with the McLaren team, Mercedes-Benz (through parent Daimler AG), in partnership with Aabar Investments, reached an agreement to purchase a 75.1% stake (Daimler: 45.1%; Aabar: 30%), in the Brawn GP team, pending corporate and regulatory approval.  Brawn had won the drivers' and constructors' championships in the 2009 season, their only season as a team following their buy-out of the Honda Racing F1 team.

Former Williams driver Nico Rosberg will be joined by seven-time World Champion Michael Schumacher for the team's maiden racing season, with Nick Heidfeld test and reserve driver.